Friday, May 22, 2020

An American Healthcare Proposal Essay - 758 Words

The first thing that would be enacted through my optimal health care reform plan would be making employer based insurance mandatory. Individuals who are employed will be eligible for health insurance coverage and will not be able to opt out with out proof of other insurance. Employer based insurance will become more affordable for both employers and employees through a tax credit incentive. Employers will be able to choose which plans to provide to employees through the use of a Health Exchange. No less than two plan options will be available to employees. Medicaid is often mistaken as insurance strictly for the poor. This is not the case as many middle income households rely on this insurance. For this reason the program will be†¦show more content†¦Insurance companies will be monitored by a new governmental committee to prevent price gauging. If an insurance company was found to price gauge they would be heavily fined. Creating a health care reform plan for the U.S. health care system is no easy task. Multiple things must be taken into consideration. These include making insurance affordable, making sure the plan is economically feasible, and creating a plan that will still work in the future. What hindered the reshaping of health care into a sustainable system in the past, are the health sectors interests that prefer the status quo. By continuing to cling on to yesterday’s model, the health care industry is creating its own peril (Schaeffer, 2007). FUNDING AND CONCLUSION In the past what has hindered health care reform plans from being enacted were the issues surrounding how they were to be funded. When comparing the attempts of the Clinton administration, the current legislation developed by both the House and the Senate, and Britain’s National Health Service, it is in my opinion that my optimal health care reform plan be funded through taxes, cost-sharing, and fees. In order for this plan to be successful it must be economically feasible and be able to reduce overall health care costs. To get my health care reform started, the basic format of Britain’s National Health Service will be followed. It will feature large tax-based financing to fundShow MoreRelatedThe Healthcare Debate On Healthcare1312 Words   |  6 PagesThe Healthcare Debate Healthcare has been a hotly debated topic in both of the last two presidential elections. As the cost of healthcare in America continues to rise, more Americans struggle to pay doctor and hospital expenses. Health insurance is suppose to provide money to pay for medical expenses, but as costs rise so do the insurance rates. Many Americans find private insurance is too expensive. As a result, many middle class Americans and low income households decide to go uninsured forcingRead MoreObamacare Essay763 Words   |  4 Pagesproposed Senate healthcare bill to replace Obamacare will face some steep challenges before it passes, and some healthcare analysts speculate the bill is D.O.A. Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell announced the Senates version of healthcare reform, known as the Better Care Reconciliation Act of 2017 on Thu. June 26, which basically echoes the House version of healthcare reform that failed to pass earlier in the year. Tax Credits, Subsidies and the Senate Proposal The Senates healthcare bill focusesRead MoreShould Obamacare Be Abolished?1099 Words   |  5 PagesHealthcare has been a hotly debated topic in both of the last two presidential elections. As the cost of healthcare in America continues to rise, more Americans struggle to pay doctor and hospital expenses. Health insurance is suppose to provide money to pay for medical expenses, but as costs rise so do the insurance rates. Many Americans find private insurance is too expensive. As a result, many middle class Americans and low income households decide to go uninsured forcing taxpayers to cover theirRead MoreHealth Care Polarity Essay915 Words   |  4 PagesBest Approach to Providing Affordable Healthcare to American Citizens: Analyzing the polarity of two opposing solutions to the problem of affordable healthcare Affordable healthcare for citizens remains at the forefront of debate for American policymakers and the complex network of privatized institutions, which provides said healthcare for those fortunate enough to afford such coverage. According to data provided from the World Bank, an assessment of generated revenue shows that the United StatesRead MoreThe American Nurses Association ( Ana ) And The Health Ministries Association1272 Words   |  6 PagesThe American Nurses Association (ANA) and the Health Ministries Association (HMA) have described Faith Community Nursing (FCN) as a form of a specialized nursing practice carried out by a nurse within a faith community (American Nurses Association Health Ministries Association, 2012). The role played by the FCN is to protect, promote, and optimize health and abilities, prevent illness and injury, and respond to distress regarding the practice beliefs and the values of a faith community. The FCNRead MoreCase Study Of A Business Case For A Disease Prevention Unit For High-Risk Groups1117 Words   |  5 Pages Business Case for a Disease Prevention Unit for High-Risk Groups Our healthcare organization has an opportunity to increase revenue and be more involved in the community by providing a new service that is relevant to our community of African Americans and Latinos. We propose adding a new unit that will focus on preventive care disease testing that targets high-risk patients. Risk and Mitigation Analysis Opportunities: By identifying opportunities for improved health through preventative diseaseRead MoreThe Failed Government Policy : The Causes Of The Affordable Care Act?1272 Words   |  6 Pagesthis project will take a look at will be the healthcare reform effort of 1993-1994. This policy initiative tried to ensure universal health care to all Americans due to the perceived notion of rising costs and insurance abuse (Brinkley 2004, p. 508). One piece of the bill was that employers would have to give coverage to individuals that worked for their company which would later be enacted in the Affordable Care Act. This bill became toxic to Americans and interest groups. Conservative and LibertarianRead MoreAffordable Care Act Research Paper1034 Words   |  5 Pagescan date back to the Truman administration after World War II, this was an initial attempt to increase healthcare accessibility. President Truman proposed universal health insurance, but Congress didn’t pass the Bill. President Ei senhower didn’t make efforts for universal health insurance like his predecessor, but his administration made slight health reform proposals such as funding healthcare for military dependents and health insurance benefits for social security dependents. The Kennedy AdministrationsRead MoreThe Health Care Of America1400 Words   |  6 Pageseducation, technology, and healthcare are the main criteria that determine a great country. Among the developed countries, U.S. is the number one country in the world which provides advanced and finest health care (Kane). However, the healthcare cost in America is the highest in the world because of the great consumers of medical technology and diagnostic imaging. (Kane). Numerous individuals are not able to afford their health care. Many people in U.S. do not have healthcare insurance. It is weird thatRead MoreEssay about The Policy Process1585 Words   |  7 PagesWhen a policy is formulated there are two major parts; agenda setting an d development of legislation. After these stages then the implementation stage begins. The way issues emerge can bring public awareness to a situation, such as the need for healthcare reform in the United States and eliminating the uninsured population. There are various stages of the policy process required to address this issue which include the formulation stage, legislative stage and the implementation stage. Policy formulation

Thursday, May 7, 2020

Police Officers Vs. Roman Empire - 1005 Words

Introduction Police officers are required to maintain law and are bound by law themselves. Police functions are about the objective of the police; not what they do. Police provide assistance to the public 24 hours a day 7 days a week. For most people, just knowing that there are police officers driving or walking around it usually makes them feel more secure. Police officers tend to be a positive role model. History One of the earliest known methods of policing was called kin policing; groups of people would enforce informal rules and customs. This kind of policing changed during the rise of the Greek city-states and the Roman Empire. Greece and Rome started to use appointed civil officers to enforce the law. The first paid civil officer was in Rome about 27 BCE. Kings had often used the military for protection, but they also used groups of citizens who would roam around at night looking for signs of trouble. This kind of system turned into the frankpledge system which had become more formalized in the twelfth century. Policing Philosophies There are five different policing philosophies including community policing and intelligence-led policing. Authoritarian policing; typically the government or the police set policing priorities without consideration of the needs of the citizens. Problem-oriented policing revolves around gathering information about an area related problem instead of investigating a particular crime or offender. Intelligence-led policing isShow MoreRelatedRoles and Responsibilities of Public Policing vs. Private Security1652 Words   |  7 PagesRoles and Responsibilities of Public Policing vs. Private Security ASJ-502 February 6, 2012 Abstract This paper explores the similarities and differences of public police and private security throughout history. How the criminal justice system and public police and private security are linked to each other. The essential policies that have been developed and how these police have assisted in the cooperation between police and private security. Finally, the need for a comprehensive securityRead MoreFan Violence: Whos to Blame?2527 Words   |  11 Pagesviolence increased (Berger, 1990). Public spectacles and games were part of the Roman Empire. Each emperor had an amphitheater and the size of the crowd reflected the emperor s wealth or power. The emperor through crowd excitement could influence spectator violence to such an extent that gladiators could be killed or freed depending on the crowd s effect on the emperor (Robinson, 1998). The emperor encouraged the Roman working class, to forget their own suffering, by seeing others suffer, whileRead More Fan Violence: Whos To Bl ame? Essay2402 Words   |  10 Pagesviolence increased (Berger, 1990). Public spectacles and games were part of the Roman Empire. Each emperor had an amphitheater and the size of the crowd reflected the emperor’s wealth or power. The emperor through crowd excitement could influence spectator violence to such an extent that gladiators could be killed or freed depending on the crowd’s effect on the emperor (Robinson, 1998). The emperor encouraged the Roman working class, â€Å"to forget their own suffering, by seeing others suffer,† whileRead MoreCorrectional Administration Reviewer18383 Words   |  74 Pagesthe conditions of the prisoners, he comes up with prisons concepts that; †¢ Prisoners must be segregated according to sex, age and gravity of the offense. †¢ The jailer or staff must be paid to prevent extortion to prisoners. †¢ A chaplain and medical officer must be employed to address the spiritual and medical needs of the prisoners. †¢ Prisoners should be provided with clothing and food. †¢ Liquor should be prohibited in jail. As a result of John Howard’s findings and recommendations the penitentiaryRead MoreAmerican Civil Rights Movement Essay15820 Words   |  64 Pagessimple women like Gloria Swenson and Greta Garbo, innocent girls like Lillian Gish and sexy women like Clara Bow. As for the man, the most popular at that time were the comics Charlie Chaplin and Baster Keaton, exotic lovers Rudolfo Valentino and Roman Navarro, simple boys Richard Bartelmess and Jin Gilbert. Charles Spenser Chaplin. 1889 - 1977. 1. The American Corporation The Essential Elements of the Corporate Structure The corporation is a complex set of contracts, and corporateRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesAutotown, U.S.A. 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Direct Care – strategy development in the multistakeholder context of public sector servicesRead MoreThe Accounting Profession and Nat39077 Words   |  157 PagesTheoretical Issues Auditing: From Civilization to Date 3 The Journal of Accounting Vol. 1 No. 1 March, 2009 The word auditor literally means one who hears . Auditing is as old as civilization. It was used in ancient Egypt, the Roman Empire, and the Great Mercantile establishments of the middle ages. Prior to 1500, the main focus of accounting was on governmental and family units. In this period, two scribes were used to keep independent records of the same transactions and it wasRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 PagesDesigner: Studio Montage, St. Louis, Missouri Cover Images: Top to bottom,  © Mark Downey/Getty Images; Jacobs Stock Photography/Getty Images;  © Goodshoot/PunchStock Media Project Manager: Balaji Sundararaman Compositor: Aptara ®, Inc. Typeface: 10/12 Times Roman Printer: Quad/Graphics All credits appearing on page or at the end of the book are considered to be an extension of the copyright page. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Luthans, Fred. International management : culture, strategy,Read MoreStrategy Safari by Mintzberg7 1628 Words   |  287 PagesEmployee development ble (1981a:24). Strategy making in this sense is an acquired, not a natural, skill (185) or an intuitive one—it must be learned formally (6). 2. Responsibility for that control and consciousness must rest with the chief executive officer: that person is the strategist (3, 19, 545). To the de- THE DESIGN S C H O O L 31 sign school, ultimately, there is only one strategist, and that is the manager who sits at the apex of the organizational pyramid. Thus Andrews associated

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Body Is a Temple Free Essays

The body is a temple, a saying in the bible that most know even if they have never read the bible. It is a statement that most have taken into account though and lived by religiously; no pun intended. During interviews, an average, or generalized ideal body could be found within what each candidate had to say about themselves and others. We will write a custom essay sample on The Body Is a Temple or any similar topic only for you Order Now This ideal body was identified to be a â€Å"fit† body, but the definitions of fit were somewhat construed. Most people interviewed saw their body as fit, but wanted more change to their body. Others were content with their bodies; they knew they could change for better, but the change was something that was not important because they were set with the bodies they had. What is most important is the fact that the definition of fit can be interchangeable and for different reasons. One definition was recognized as the disciplined lifestyle of becoming toned and exercised within a gym or some other environment; this body type was more ‘enhanced’ looking and more appealing to the majority of society. The other definition described a body that could get through a day without being uncomfortable and could handle most physical activity, but this body type was of those that did not go to the gym every day and did not exercise often. What could be concluded was the fact that both parties that represented each definition wanted change to their body regardless of how they looked. Over the last few weeks, observations were made of how people carried their bodies around on a daily basis. Women wear their makeup, flashy clothes, and seem to put how their bodies look on a pedestal. What this means is that the ideal body type for them is almost unobtainable. Men on the other hand though did not care as much about their outer appearance, but more on what their body shape looked like. One interviewee for example, whose name is William, had a toned body, but still did not see himself as looking good enough. Majority of people would agree in saying that his body type was ideal and that he was good looking enough, but to him, he saw that he needed more change. I like my body, but I do not like it enough, I need more muscle in order to be satisfied in how I look†, these were the words of William; they reflect a self-conscious side to his personality. Since he does not see what others see, he wishes to keep growing through his workouts until he has reached a peak where he can be happy. His wardrobe did not reflect this self-conscious side though; he tries to dress nicely , but does not mind what he wears everyday. In other words, he does not always dress to mpress, but rather wishes to impress with his body shape and physique. Other men interviewed, also agreed that the physique was the most important part to their overall image. Benjamin said, â€Å"I have always been a small guy and this has bugged me, I have always wondered if I was good enough for girls because I was not as ripped or as big as other guys out there. † Benjamin seems to be a confident guy, but this underlying worry did bother him enough to start working out every single day at the Recreational Center. His fashion consisted of jeans everyday and a sweatshirt; he has gauges in his ears and does not go clean-shaven most times. This observation seems to solidify that men do not care about their outer appearance, but more what is underneath. The Recreational Center seems to be a hot spot for men to be found because they want to tone their bodies over anything else in order to feel desirable. Fashion, makeup, and the outer facade that women put on seems to be the priority of a woman’s conscience, if these components are not pristine, then it seemed as if most women were not satisfied. The women interviewed unanimously agreed without hearing others’ opinions that fashion was important to their success in feeling comfortable with themselves, but because their bodies would ‘never’ fit the bill. Even if they had a good body type, there was still something that was not good enough about them, but the opposite gender would disagree. This is why fashion for women is key; the makeup they wear and their perfect outfits cover up the blemishes they feel they have underneath the outer-layers. When it comes to girls and how they dress on campus you can see a stereotypical set of fashion appear per season. When it comes to fall time, Yoga pants are a must. During interviews, most women asked said they wore Yoga pants because they were comfy, but it can be inferred that it also is because it outlines the woman’s body more and women want to show off when they can. Fall fashion also consists of different articles of clothing, but this seems to be the most worn article. Women want to attract men in whatever ways they can, and since the body is the first thing that is judged, the most bodacious of clothing is worn. Such was also seen on Halloween night, scandalous costumes were worn to make seen what types of bodies girls had. Even if girls were not in shape they still tried to look as ‘naughty’ as possible. This was confusing because it really scuffed the respect that women should receive for their hard work to achieve such fit bodies because they were lowering themselves to such a desperate level to impress the guys around campus. Seeing this behavior strikes up the point that women do feel that their bodies are important, but it seems random amongst women. Some like their bodies, but majority feel they have not achieved the perfect body when in fact they have. Discipline is seen in the women because of all the effort that is put into their outer appearance, their bodies are important, but compared to men it is not what matters most to them. â€Å"I spend almost an hour to two hours sometimes to prepare my makeup and hair before I go to class or go out on the weekends. † Words from Lex which were surprising to hear because it does not take much time at all for a man to get ready for the day. She also said, â€Å"My body is never good enough, I need to lose a lot of weight before I can feel good-looking enough for guys out there. This was also surprising to hear because Lex is a good-looking woman and does not look unfit at all. After hearing what each woman had to say it was obvious that being perfect was something they all strived for, but felt like they could never achieve it. There are too many ‘perfect’ people in the world that they look up to and it demeans their success when they really are perfect in many ways. I dolization is more than likely a major cause for people getting their bodies to look the way they do. Celebrities, models, gym junkies, and more all create an image that for some is impossible to reach. But one group that does not need these sorts of images is the people of the Nacirema. A bizarre bunch of men and females, but what they lack is what makes them succeed their own sort of perfect or ideal body. The Nacirema go through tortuous processes in order to achieve what they think is the ideal body. This society believes that the body is ugly and its natural tendency is to debility and decay (Horace Miner). Achieving an ideal body all starts with the shrines and charms they use for different parts of their body. Shrine walls are built within the houses and many charms and potions are kept in these shrines (Horace Miner). There are an abundance of charms and what can be inferred is that keeping these charms helps to reassure that they are still serving their purpose even after they are used up. The practice of using these charms is only a minor step in ridding the body of impurities; a temple where medicine men take members of society is the final step to purification. Bodies are put to the test as grueling activities such as drilling out teeth take place and are filled with random assortments of herbs that supposedly prevent decay. People that enter the temple may not come out because death is certainly possible. Each person’s body is pushed to the extreme, but it is only to prove that they hold the power to be perfect. Something this extreme is not needed in societies around the world, but for the Nacirema people it is necessity. They supersede other cultures because they do not idolize a certain body type and after the rituals have been performed, they know inside that they are worthy of the body they have and to be a part of the people in their society. If cultures such as the one seen at Washington State University could appreciate this sort of lifestyle and not hold celebrities and models at such a high status, then the world would see many more confident people with bodies that they would be proud of. It is part of life to try and obtain a body that majority sees as fit, but seeing how everyone interviewed needed something different to happen with their body in order to feel confident, it is almost as if this sort of peace of mind will never occur. Life today is filled with people battling self-confidence issues. The image of an ideal body is not obtainable because people do not want to see the beauty they behold already. Women wear a mask to cover what they think is ugly, and men hit the gym more than they need to just to achieve a rock hard body that is unnecessary. If more were to hold the values of the Nacirema on a lessened level and boost their self esteem through different acts, then society today could see a much different and possibly brighter mentality that would be shared amongst many. Fashion is an amazing thing and can be appreciated for its many artsy and beautiful additions to how the body looks, but when it becomes only a tool to cover up the inner beauty of the body because of false self-accusations, it cannot be looked at as something spectacular. The body is a temple, how one adorns it, treats it, and appreciates it, is completely up to the person that lives within the body; but when others influence how one’s temple is treated and decorated, that temple can be considered desecrated. Every persons’ body should be respected and loved for what it is because only the thoughts that one creates are important. How to cite The Body Is a Temple, Essay examples

Monday, April 27, 2020

Inspector calls, dramatic devices alcohol Essay Example

Inspector calls, dramatic devices alcohol Paper We now start to see similarities in characters actions, Arthur Birling, when in trouble hoped rescue by his status, now we see Eric in trouble, and his true character is under interrogation, he goes to alcohol. This is giving us evidence for their immorality itself being a source of courage. The family becomes disintegrated upon the inspectors interrogation. This truly reflects the relationship between each of them, they are living in such hypocrisy, they are concerned of what the public will think of them, but fail to contemplate on their own actions. This also confirms my point at the start where I said there is no love between them. As we discuss themes in further, we find that certain explanations begin to prove and link points I made earlier, in the start I referred to battle ground of socialist and capitalist systems. Clearly here upon the inspector interrogation, the family become noticeably weak and defenceless, only returning back to there alcohol. Priestley enables us to study these themes, from one device we have opened many areas and have studies quite deeply. We will write a custom essay sample on Inspector calls, dramatic devices alcohol specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Inspector calls, dramatic devices alcohol specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Inspector calls, dramatic devices alcohol specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I believe that, due to Erics severe corruption, it is possible to study themes, jus through this character, as his alcohol issue and corruption leads to other characters and themes; therefore this also proves the effectiveness of the dramatic device. Erics actions also reflect the failure of his father to teach moral values to his children, as Eric turns out just like his father, where on the outside there are principled people yet there is immorality behind the exterior. I gathered theres a very good chance of knighthood I was lord mayor here when royalty visited Although Arthur Birling head of the household stands superior in society, he truly shows us the corruption that lies in the family and society, where though seen to be principled and respectable people with such a position, they do not match in their morality. Eric always turns to alcohol instead of using moral courage. This is similar in all the male characters apart from the Inspector. Even Gerald is addicted to the drink, as he also reaches out for courage, using alcohol to change the subject. Dyou mind if I give myself a drink, Shelia? Eric is perhaps a result of Arthurs capitalists way of every man for himself, his beliefs integrated into the family made Eric an outcome. Erics hypocrisy in behaviour, example him stealing money, which at the time and context is serious theft, also gives evidence for Birling issue of status, he climbs for status but he puts aside values to achieve this, by this I mean, what Priestley is trying to say is, the status you have is outwardly, he is telling the audience, look what really is behind this person, how can he be given status? Perhaps teaching your children moral values having a good family maybe the best reputation you can have. This is perfect example of capitalist beliefs Priestley is trying to protest, through the dramatic devices he is exploring the true condition of society. Socialists believe looking after everyone, so the country can prosper. Priestley is presenting us with a clear picture of how deeply affected society is, he is showing the problems are all over. This proves how effective the dramatic device is, the actions revolve around alcohol through this we can study the themes of morality, families and responsibility in the play. Priestleys message, is telling us although being capitalists they are in moral bankruptcy which causes the low class people to become the victims of people like the Birlings. Another issue is also tackled, Priestley fights for equality as well in the story, and he shows Sheilas lack of power. Throughout the interrogation we see how Sheila was always ignored by her father. Eva smith is the biggest victim here, a defenceless women controlled by pompous families leading to her tragedy. This also reflects and gives us evidence of the suffragettes which shows us what women were going through at the time. Generally the women were more moral than women, we see that Sheila faces up to the facts, Eric has not developed moral responsibility. (top of page 32) Sheila infact is more conscience than the parents. Sybil is pompous just like her husband; her husband has seemed to have an affect on her morality. This is shown when Sybil rejects Eva smith charity; mainly because she said her name was Birling, demonstrating her smugness and self-importance. Inspector calls. Society needs an inspection, abiding moral laws; the word Goole perhaps connotes a Ghoul to the Birlings. The themes are discussed through Alcohol and we know that The Inspector stays away from Alcohol. Meaning he does not fall under this category, this is not to say he is against drinking, but he is able to control himself, using his morality as a source of courage, unlike the Birlings who go to alcohol. The Inspector seems to be very good at controlling the whole situation. Birling accepts his insistence. The author he is showing contrast in the two enemies, how capitalists mean destruction and how socialist will help the country prosper. Priestley shows It is not only the Birlings, but also the Crofts who are equivalent in there capitalism and lack of morality. Gerald also goes to bars. Telling us that selfish families working together killing the people, which is what they practically did. It shows that both families failed to teach there children moral values. They believe as long as the people dont find out it is okay. Look Inspector Id give thousands (so long as he doesnt tell the public. ) The author clearly explains to us here, the deepness in corruption, a young girls death was no dagger to the heart or no means of remorse, yet again the only thing of importance was their status and image. All the cases above are influenced by Alcohol, e. g. the place bar e. t. c. Priestley is using Alcohol as a physical manifestation of the corruption and hypocrisy of pre-world war society. Through tinted bottles of wine we see the decadence. He is showing, by exploring the different themes of responsibility and status, that society is towards destruction in the hands of the capitalists. The low classes are suffering from this; Priestley also makes political reference, Alderman Meggarty goes to the palace bar, drinks alot He implies that where there is power there is corruption and the capitalist where generally in power. On the account of hearing this Mrs Birling was absolutely staggered by this, Priestley shows how pompous they are as they believe no one has the right to go against them, despite there being clear corruption; this also shows the suffocating hypocrisy they live in. Therefore written in 1946 near WW2, Priestley is saying that society is making the same mistakes as in WW1, the lesson was not learnt on Eva smiths death, and he is warning society. He emphasises, if men will not learn his lesson, they will be taught in Blood, fire and anguish. Society needs change. In conclusion, the dramatic device has produced a specific effect on the audience; it has enabled us to explore the themes in society of morality, class, families and responsibility. The message has been clearly displayed through these uses. From what seemed to be just a detective story it has truly opened to a whole new genre.

Thursday, March 19, 2020

Saddam Husseins Iraq essays

Saddam Hussein's Iraq essays Throughout the last thirty years, many of the people of Iraq have been tortured, forced to relocate their families numerous times, arrested and murdered. Those who stood against Saddam Hussein were punished, in most cases by death. All of this happened under the control of Suddam and we have neither found, nor has he offered a sound explanation for his actions. By the early 80s, hundreds of thousands of citizens were deported to Iran. And even now people are still being repressed, persecuted and denied their human rights. He does not deserve to live so luxuriously, while his people are dying from malnutrition and lack of medical attention. He does not deserve the political power that he has aquired by having people killed and forcing others to resign their authority to him. What he does deserve is a fair trial for the many war crimes he has committed and for being responsible for an unknown, yet large number of assacinations of innocent people. As a result of the Gulf War in 1991, the United Nations has enforced sanctions on Iraq to limit their ability to make more weapons of mass destruction (WMD). These sanctions are based on an oil-for-food system. Iraq can export limited amounts of oil to buy food and medical supplies only. Hussein is using less than the prescribed amount of money available for humanitarian purposes for buying the much needed medical supplies. Instead, he has used it to buy extremely expensive medical equipment that is rarely used. And as if he is not wealthy enough, every month he smuggles oil out of Iraq that is worth millions of dollars, which goes straight toward his personal spending pleasures. He has built monuments and palaces for himself instead of meeting the necessary health and sanitary needs of his people. It is bad enough that he has terrorized his own people, but he goes crawling to the press saying that the U.N. needs to lift its sanctions because his people are in such a desperate nee d ...

Tuesday, March 3, 2020

Biography of Numa Pompilius, Roman King

Biography of Numa Pompilius, Roman King Numa Pompilius (c. 753–673 BCE) was the second king of Rome. He is credited with establishing a number of notable institutions, including the temple of Janus. Numas predecessor was Romulus, the legendary founder of Rome. Fast Facts: Numa Pompilius Known For: According to legend, Numa was the second king of Rome.Born: c. 753 BCEDied: c. 673 BCE Early Life According to ancient scholars, Numa Pompilius was born on the very day that Rome was founded- April 21, 753 BCE. Little else is known about his early life. Some 37 years after the founding of Rome, Romulus- the kingdoms first ruler- disappeared in a thunderstorm. The patricians, the Roman nobility, were suspected of having murdered him until Julius Proculus informed the people that he had had a vision of Romulus, who said that he had been taken up to join the gods and was to be worshiped under the name Quirinus. Rise to Power There was considerable unrest between the original Romans and the Sabines- who had joined them after the city was founded- over who would be the next king. For the time being, it was arranged that the senators should each rule with the kings powers for a period of 12 hours until some more permanent solution could be found. Eventually, they decided that the Romans and Sabines should each elect a king from the other group, i.e., the Romans would elect a Sabine and the Sabines a Roman. The Romans were to choose first, and their choice was the Sabine Numa Pompilius. The Sabines agreed to accept Numa as the king without bothering to elect anyone else, and a deputation from both Romans and Sabines went off to tell Numa of his election. Numa did not even live in Rome; he resided in a nearby town called Cures. He was the son-in-law of Tatius, a Sabine who had ruled Rome as joint king with Romulus for a period of five years. After Numas wife died, he had become something of a recluse and was believed to have been taken by a nymph or nature spirit as a lover. When the delegation from Rome came, Numa refused the position of king at first but was later talked into accepting it by his father and Marcius, a relative, and some of the local people from Cures. They argued that left to themselves the Romans would continue to be just as warlike as they had been under Romulus and it would be better if the Romans had a more peace-loving king who could moderate their bellicosity or, if that proved to be impossible, at least direct it away from Cures and the other Sabine communities. Kingship Having agreed to accept the position, Numa left for Rome, where his election as king was confirmed by the people. Before he finally accepted, however, he insisted on watching the sky for a sign in the flight of birds that his kingship would be acceptable to the gods. Numas first act as king was to dismiss the guards Romulus had always kept around. To achieve his aim of making the Romans less bellicose, he diverted the peoples attention by leading religious spetacles- processions and sacrifices- and by terrifying them with accounts of strange sights and sounds, which were supposedly signs from the gods. Numa instituted priests (flamines) of Mars, of Jupiter, and of Romulus under his heavenly name of Quirinus. He also added other orders of priests: the pontifices, the salii, and the fetiales, and the vestals. The pontifices were responsible for public sacrifices and funerals. The salii were responsible for the safety of a shield which had allegedly fallen from the sky and was paraded around the city each year accompanied by the salii dancing in armor. The fetiales were peacemakers. Until they agreed that it was a just war, no war could be declared. Originally Numa instituted two vestals, but he later increased the number to four. The main duty of the vestals, or vestal virgins, was to keep the sacred flame alight and to prepare the mixture of grain and salt used in public sacrifices. Reforms Numa distributed the land conquered by Romulus to poor citizens, hoping that an agricultural way of life would make the Romans more peaceful. He would inspect the farms himself, promoting those whose farms looked well cared for and admonishing those whose farms showed signs of laziness. People still thought of themselves first as original Romans or Sabines, rather than citizens of Rome. To overcome this division, Numa organized the people into guilds based on the occupations of their members. In Romulus time, the calendar had been fixed at 360 days to the year, but the number of days in a month greatly varied. Numa estimated the solar year at 365 days and the lunar year at 354 days. He doubled the difference of eleven days and instituted a leap month of 22 days to come between February and March (which was originally the first month of the year). Numa made January the first month, and he may have added the months of January and February to the calendar as well. The month of January is associated with the god Janus, the doors of whose temple were left open in times of war and closed in times of peace. In Numas reign of 43 years, the doors remained closed, a record for Rome. Death When Numa died at over the age of 80 he left a daughter, Pompilia, who was married to Marcius, the son of the Marcius who had persuaded Numa to accept the throne. Their son, Ancus Marcius, was 5 years old when Numa died, and he later became the fourth king of Rome. Numa was buried under the Janiculum together with his religious books. In 181 BCE, his grave was uncovered in a flood but his coffin was found to be empty. Only the books, which had been buried in a second coffin, remained. They were burnt on the recommendation of the praetor. Legacy Much of the story of Numas life is pure legend. Still, it seems likely that there was a monarchical period in early Rome, with the kings coming from different groups: Romans, Sabines, and Etruscans. It is rather less likely that there were seven kings who reigned in a monarchical period of approximately 250 years. One of the kings may have been a Sabine called Numa Pompilius, though we may doubt that he instituted so many features of the Roman religion and calendar or that his reign was a golden age free from strife and warfare. But that the Romans believed that it was so is a historical fact. The story of Numa was part of the founding myth of Rome. Sources Grandazzi, Alexandre.  The Foundation of Rome: Myth and History. Cornell University Press, 1997.Macgregor, Mary.  The Story of Rome, from the Earliest Times to the Death of Augustus. T. Nelson, 1967.

Saturday, February 15, 2020

The Life and Work of Joseph Hayden Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Life and Work of Joseph Hayden - Essay Example Hayden was by all accounts a healthy, fun loving person equally loved by friends and admirers, and his works are known for their humor with several false endings and the occasionally chord that stands out above the rest. He died a celebrity, though born in humble settings. Music came his name, fame and considerable wealth. The performance of the Creation, organized in his honor the year before he died was attended by the who’s who of European music as well several members of the aristocracy. This paper is an exposition of his life and work and is the author’s tribute to one of the greatest composers of the western world. The classical period of western music is widely considered to be between 1750 and 1830; and followed by the Baroque period that began circa 1600. The classical period is thus named due to the general adulation for classical antiquity, particularly Ancient Greece, that permeated all creative fields such as Art, Architecture and the sciences. There was a general appreciation for grandeur and the preference for simplicity and homophony over the polyphony of the Baroque period. While Bach was one of the leading maestros of the previous era, the classical period will bear the names of Hayden and Mozart. ... Hayden grew up in the village in a musical environment, with frequent singing sessions in his house and the village. From this rustic musical setting to the sophistication of Austrian music was a big leap for the young Haydn; one that would not be accomplished without a great deal of suffering. Haydn being musically gifted, his uncle Johann Matthias Frankh, the schoolmaster and choirmaster in Hainburg, took him in as his ward so that he could receive formal training in Music. Haydn went with Frank to Hainburg when he was six years old and never again lived with his parents. For reasons that are not really clear – perhaps due to poverty or simply due to indifference, Haydn was not fed very well in this household and writes of being constantly hungry. However, he did learn to play the violin and the harpsichord. He also played treble parts in the church choir, which soon attracted the attention of the general public. After here, he was accepted as the ward of Georg von Reutter, the director of music in St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna in 1740 moved to Vienna, where he worked for the next nine years as a chorister and his younger brother Michael joined him in 1745. However, he still continued to be hungry though Reutter did give his education in Latin, the languages and the violin (Geiringer & Geiringer). Moreover, St Stephen’s Cathedral was at the center of Austrian Musical tradition and Haydn benefitted enormously simply by means of the exposure and collaboration that he was able to form there. With his physical maturity, he was soon unable to be a choirboy any longer and by 1749, declared his independence from Reutter, and began work as a freelance musician. The time as a freelance musician is not particularly fun to anyone but given